semicord

C7 C dominant seventh chord

Notes
C E G Bb
Formula
1 3 5 b7
Semitones
0 4 7 10 above the root
Other symbols
Cdom7

C to E is a major third (4 semitones), E to G is a minor third (3 semitones), G to Bb is a minor third (3 semitones). A dominant seventh is a major triad plus a minor seventh (Bb, 10 semitones above C). It is the V chord that leads back home, and the basic chord of the blues.

C7 on the piano

C4D4E4F4G4A4B4C5D5E5F5G5A5B5C#4Eb4F#4Ab4Bb4C#5Eb5F#5Ab5Bb5CC4EGBbC5

Root position from C4: C4, E4, G4, Bb4. Middle C is C4.

C7 on the guitar

Standard tuning (E A D G B E). Strings run low E on the left to high e on the right, frets downwards; × is a muted string, ○ an open string, and each dot shows the note it sounds, with the root in blue-green. Every shape below has C as its lowest note.

×CCEEBbBbCCE
Open position
x 3 2 3 1 0 (low E to high e)
Sounds C3 E3 Bb3 C4 E4, fifth left out
×CCGGBbBbEEGG
A-shape barre, root on the A string at fret 3
x 3 5 3 5 3 (low E to high e)
Sounds C3 G3 Bb3 E4 G4
8frCCGGBbBbEEGGCC
E-shape barre, root on the E string at fret 8
8 10 8 9 8 8 (low E to high e)
Sounds C3 G3 Bb3 E4 G4 C5

The barre shapes are movable: an E-shape chord's root is the note under your first finger on the low E string, an A-shape chord's root is the note on the A string. Slide the same grip up or down to play dominant seventh chords on other roots.

Inversions of C7

An inversion puts a note other than the root in the bass. The name is what semicord's chord finder calls those notes played bottom to top; a slash name like C/E means a C chord with E in the bass.

PositionNotes, bass firstNamedListen
Root positionC E G BbC7
1st inversionE G Bb CC7/E
2nd inversionG Bb C EC7/G
3rd inversionBb C E GC7/Bb

Where C7 fits

C7 is V7 in F major, V7 in F minor. Its E and Bb are a tritone apart (6 semitones). In F major the E usually rises a half step to F and the Bb falls a half step, which is why C7 pulls so strongly towards F.