semicord

Cdim7 C diminished seventh chord

Notes
C Eb Gb Bbb
Formula
1 b3 b5 bb7
Semitones
0 3 6 9 above the root
Other symbols
C°7, Co7

C to Eb is a minor third (3 semitones), Eb to Gb is a minor third (3 semitones), Gb to Bbb is a minor third (3 semitones). Four notes each a minor third (3 semitones) apart, so the chord splits the octave into four equal parts and there are only three different diminished seventh chords. Every inversion is another diminished seventh named after its bass note: D#dim7 (also written Ebdim7), F#dim7 (also written Gbdim7), Adim7. The seventh is spelled Bbb, a diminished seventh above C: one letter name above the major sixth A that sounds the same.

Cdim7 on the piano

C4D4E4F4G4Bbb4B4C5D5E5F5G5A5B5C#4Eb4Gb4Ab4Bb4C#5Eb5F#5Ab5Bb5CC4EbGbBbbC5

Root position from C4: C4, Eb4, Gb4, Bbb4. Middle C is C4.

Cdim7 on the guitar

Standard tuning (E A D G B E). Strings run low E on the left to high e on the right, frets downwards; × is a muted string, ○ an open string, and each dot shows the note it sounds, with the root in blue-green. Every shape below has C as its lowest note.

×CCGbGbBbbBbbEbEb×
A-shape, root on the A string at fret 3
x 3 4 2 4 x (low E to high e)
Sounds C3 Gb3 Bbb3 Eb4
7frCC×BbbBbbEbEbGbGb×
E-shape, root on the E string at fret 8
8 x 7 8 7 x (low E to high e)
Sounds C3 Bbb3 Eb4 Gb4

The E-shape and A-shape grips are movable: an E-shape chord's root is the note under your first finger on the low E string, an A-shape chord's root is the note on the A string. Slide the same grip up or down to play diminished seventh chords on other roots.

Inversions of Cdim7

An inversion puts a note other than the root in the bass. The name is what semicord's chord finder calls those notes played bottom to top; a slash name like C/E means a C chord with E in the bass.

PositionNotes, bass firstNamedListen
Root positionC Eb Gb BbbCdim7
1st inversionEb Gb Bbb CD#dim7 (also written Ebdim7; also read as Cdim7/Eb)
2nd inversionGb Bbb C EbF#dim7 (also written Gbdim7; also read as Cdim7/Gb)
3rd inversionBbb C Eb GbAdim7

Where Cdim7 fits

Cdim7 is vii°7 in C# minor (where it is spelled B#dim7). Its four notes are evenly spaced, so the same keys are a diminished seventh on each of them, and the chord can lead a half step up from any of its notes: to a chord on C#, E, G or Bb. That is why it is the classic passing and pivot chord.